ASTM E446-20 Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness

Designation: E446-20 Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness1 1. Scope 1.1 Thesereference radiographs2 illustrate variouscatcgories. types.and severity levels of discontinuitics occur-ring in steel castings that have section thicknesses up to 2 in.[50.8 mm)(see Note 2). The reference radiograph films are anadjunct to this standard and must be purchased separately fromASTM Intcrmational.if nceded (see 2.2). Categorics andseverity levels for each discontinuity type represented by thesereference radiographs are described in 1.3. NoE 1—The basis of applicaion for these reference radiographs attribunes and classification criteriom as described in Sections 4., 6,and 7requires a prior parchaser supplier agreement of madiographic exanminationo this slancard. NOTE 2—Rclcrence radiographs previously used for this thicknessrange caried the designation E7i, but included a now rarely used gammasource,tha is,raditm.The current document is allso updated by inclusionolf several mecognized shrinrkge or C calegories and by elimirssion of thecrack and hot tear categories. except for one example of cach of thesediscontinuiry types Relicrence radiographs for thicker sections may befound in Reference Radiographs EI86 and E28O.Reference RadiographsE446 and EI86 providec some averlap of severity levels for simmilardiscotEitnuizy calegories within the same energy level range (see 43,5..，and 6.30. 1.2‘These film reference radiographs are not intended toillustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities found in steelcastings when performing digital racdiography.If performingdigital radiography of stecl castings up to 2 in.(50.8 mm) inthickness.refer to Digital Reference Image Standard E2868.1.3 These reference radiographs consist of three separalevalumes (see Nole 3) as follows: (h medium voltage (nominal250-kV) X-rays. (I 1-MV X-rays and lridium-192 radiation,and () 2-MV to 4-MV X-rays and cobalt-60 radiation.Unlessothcrwise specified in a purchaser supplicr agrecment (sce 1.1).cach volume is for comparison only with production wadio-graphs produced with radiation energy leves within the thick-ness range covered by this standard. Each volume consists of E446-20 Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness