ISO 16165:2020 pdf free.Ships and marine technology一Marine environment protection 一Vocabulary relating to oil spill response.
3.1 Oil/oil slick properties
3.1.1 crude oil naturally occurring form of petroleum, mainly occurring in a porous underground formation such as sandstone
[SOURCE: 150 1998-1:1998, 1.05.005]
3.1.2 emulsification process in which microscopic droplets of water are mixed in the oil, or vice versa
3.1.3 emulsion mixture of oil and water in which droplets are interspersed in varying concentrations throughout the oil, or vice versa, formed when these fluids are mixed by mechanical or hydraulic action
Note 1 to entry: Emulsions are more precisely referred to as water-in-oil emulsions. Water-in-oil emulsions are sometimes referred to as a “mousse.”
3.1.4 environmental fate form and location of a material resulting from transport and transformation
[SOURCE: ASTM E943-08(2014), 2.1]
3.1.5 heavy shoreline oiling pooled deposits or a layer of surface oil
3.1.6 moderate/light shoreline oiling sheen (3.1.10) or film of surface oil
3.1.7 petroleum oil material consisting of, or derived from, a mixture of liquid or semi-solid organic compounds, principally hydrocarbons
[SOURCE: ISO 1998-1:1998, 1.05.000]
3.1.8 pour point lowest temperature at which a sample of petroleum product will continue to flow when it is cooled under specified standard conditions
[SOURCE: ISO 1998-2:1998, 2.10.080]
3.1.9 relative viscosity measured viscosity of an emulsion (3.1.3) (in any convenient unit) at a given shear rate divided by the measured viscosity of the oil at the same shear rate
Note 1 to entry: It is important to report the shear rate used in the viscosity measurements of the emulsion and the water-free oil.
3.1.10 sheen very thin oil slick (3.7.3.1) with a silvery or rainbow-coloured appearance and a thickness of less than 0,001 mm
3.1.11 specific gravity ratio of the mass of a given volume of liquid at 15°C to the mass of an equal volume of fresh water at the same temperature
[SOURCE: ASTM D4410-16, 3.1]
3.1.12 viscosity measure of the resistance to flow or deformation of a liquid
[SOURCE: ISO 1998-2:1998, 2.10.030]
3.1.13 windrows narrow bands of oil, generally aligned with the wind direction (3.3.7), typical of an oil slick (3.7.3.1) after several hours of exposure (or days for very large spills)
3.2 Oil classification
3.2.1 group I oil non-persistent oil petroleum-based oil that consists of hydrocarbon fractions, at least 50% of which distil at a temperature of 340°C and at least 95% of which distil at a temperature of 370°C
3.2.2 group II oil persistent oil (3.2.6) with a specific gravity (3.1.11) of less than 0,85
3.2.3 group Ill oil persistent oil (3.2.6) with a specific gravity (3.1.11) equal to or greater than 0,85 and less than 0,95
3.2.4 group IV oil persistent oil (3.2.6) with a specific gravity (3.1.11) equal to or greater than 0,95 and less than 1,00
3.2.5 group V oil persistent oil (3.2.6) with a specific gravity (3.1.11) greater than 1,00
3.2.6 persistent oil petroleum-based oil that does not meet the distillation criteria for a group I oil (3.2.1)
3.3 Environmental conditions
3.3.1 air temperature average or point temperature of the air measured at or near the ground or water surface (°C)
[SOURCE: ASTM F625-94(2017), 2.1.2]
3.3.2 current average water speed and direction (i.e. velocity) relative to a fixed reference point (m/s)
[SOURCE: ASTM F625-94(2017), 2.1.3]
3.3.3 debris solid or semisolid substance that could interfere with the operation of a spill control system
[SOURCE: ASTM F625-94(2017), 2.1.4]
3.3.4 significant wave height average height, measured crest to trough, of one-third highest waves, considering only short-period waves
Note I to entry: Short period waves are for a period less than ten seconds (s).
[SOURCE: ASTM F625-94(2017), 2.1.7]
3.3.5 significant wave period average period of the one-third highest waves, measured in seconds as the elapsed time between crests of succeeding waves past a fixed point(s)
[SOURCE: ASTM F625-94(2017), 2.1.8]
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